The total story of these grenades may remain a mystery, but I would bet a lot of money that the canvas carrier is Chinese not Korean. The characters are certainly Chinese and the construction is typical of China. I have attached a photo of a Chinese crate of early stick grenades. While the characters are not exactly the same, some are and the layout is the same. The difference in characters could be because of the difference in the grenades or the different ways the Chinese write the same character from person to person or area to area. Unfortunately when the photo was taken they didn't include the entire circle on the left side of the box front so we won't know what was in that circle. I agree the North Koreans use the star in a circle, but so do the Chinese. It is beyond probability that the NK's would produce a carrier and mark it in Chinese. While I agree NK provided ordnance to the North Vietnamese I am not sure how that entered the picture when there was no mention of these being recovered in Vietnam, or anywhere else for that matter. I handled some North Korean ordnance in Vietnam and saw two items in Cambodia in the 90's so I know they were there. Beyond saying the canvas is Chinese, I can only speculate. Like I said before I have read of the Chinese using tin cans to make practice/dummy grenades and their stick grenades (along with the Vietnamese and North Koreans) are very rarely painted in any color other than a black finish. Could they have painted these to identify them as practice or dummy? Never seen one so I can't say. Has anyone seen one of these or read anything on them? Could it be a mismatch of country of origin of the carrier and of the grenades? Certainly. Could these grenades be a total fake? Certainly. The construction, the color, the cap, the thing at the end of the pull cord are all not typical of any Far Eastern stick grenade I have ever seen. Not sure what is in the center of the end cap, but the only grenades I ever recovered in Vietnam with screw-on metal end caps were Chinese. Not sure what caps the North Koreans use though. North Korea is a wasteland of unclassified information on ordnance, even the old stuff. Unless these were sold for a lot of money though, someone went to a lot of trouble to make some fairly nice looking and well made fakes if that is what they are.