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What is the origin of the 26.5mm signaling cartridge?

I assumed that it was born around the time of WW1. Any histories that you folks are aware of?
I don’t know about 26.5mm caliber specifically, but Edward Wilson Very patented his signal cartridge in 1877, and the design was adopted quickly throughout the USA and Europe. Great Britain adopted a 1 inch cartridge in 1886 but early in WW1 wanted a cartridge with greater capacity, introducing a 1.5 inch cartridge in 1915.

(US Patent 190263, 1 May 1877)
 
There are two books that might have some information. I do not have these books and I have not read them, I am therefore unsure of the contents.

KATALOG DER PYROTECHNISCHEN PATRONEN EUROPAS IN DEN KALIBERN 25 BIS 28 MM
Author is Horst Thielbörger (signalpistolen@gmail.com)

GERMAN FLARE PISTOLS AND SIGNAL AMMUNITION
Author is Dr. Lorenz Scheit
English Editor Dr. Geoffrey L. Sturgess

Alternatively, you might try posting a request for information on the Flare Gun Forum
 
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